Proa

Ic (constant current) is charge capacitor C, where Ic = Vsc/R.

The output reaches its nominal value after the time ton. Vo-Vsc=(Ic.ton)/C.

ton=C.[(Vo-0.45)/0.45].R = CVoR/0.45.

Vo follows the voltage in pin 2 at less than 0.45 volt. It is because voltage of more than 0.45 V can’t be produced between pin 2 and pin 5.

For each phase, the components on point (2) above which constitute all the power components are placed on a small plug-in board of 1.15? x 0.85? that delivers 40 Amps and receives the PWM TTL signal from the controller. This module has a footprint of about 0.85? x 0.25? of the motherboard space and may be placed anywhere on the board as close as possible to theCPU reducing the transmission impedance and losses and giving the Motherboard designer the flexibility to optimize the power and PCB space utilization. Each modular board may be fitted individually with its own heat sink.

The Vo follows the voltage at pin 2 at less than 0.45 V since a voltage of more than 0.45 V cannot be produced between pins 5 and pins 2.

Constant current ic is charge capacitor C, where

ic= Vsc/R

After the time ton, the output reaches it’s nominal value

Vo-Vsc = (Ic.ton)/C

ton=C.[(Vo-0.45)/0.45].R = CVoR/0.45

However, an Adjustable 1.5A Step Down 1.5 MHz switching regulator circuit can also be used to overcome such problem. It uses ST1S03 step down DC-DC converter. The ST1S03 can also be used to power low-voltage digital core in HDD application .

With input voltage range 3V to 16V, the ST1S03 can gives current up to 1.5A. The circuit can use tiny surface-mount components due to an high switching frequency (1.5 MHz). Resistor divider is used to set the output voltage value. Components needed to build the divided are capacitors (2 pieces), schottky diode (1 piece), and inductor (1 piece).

A precision voltage source is quite easy, except when the voltage should be consistent over wide range of ambient temperature. This requirement might be needed in high precision measurement system environment. For example, to provide reference voltage in analog to digital conversion.

A 5V DC regulated output from 2 cells 3V DC batteries. The output current of the circuit is limited to 50mA. However, it still able to supply many microcontroller circuits. 3009 and 560R Resistor provide the 5V DC output, make up a voltage divider network.